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NCERT Science Major Test Model Paper Class 7 2020 Questions and Answers Part 6
36. (i) Give any five uses of forests.
(ii) Give few measures how forests can be conserved.
Ans:
(I) Uses Of Forest (Any Five)
- They are the main sources of food to all living beings, as the plants are the producers of food.
- They also provide us wood, fuel, clothing (fiber) , shelter, medicines, paper, rubber, vegetable oil and many other useful things.
- They provide home and protection to wildlife.
- They regulate earth՚s temperature and water cycle.
- Forests help in bringing good rainfall.
- Plants help to purify water in the soil. Roots allow slow movement of water in the soil. The gradual movement of water helps in its purification.
- They help in regulating the balance of and in the atmosphere and check global warming. This is because plants release oxygen and use during the day through the process of photosynthesis.
- They check air pollution and contribute to purification of air.
- They prevent erosion of soil by water and wind. Roots of trees bind the soil together.
- They save the hill slopes from landslides.
- They reduce the intensity of floods. If trees are not present, rain hits the ground directly and may flood the area around. Forest acts as a natural absorber of rainwater and allows it to seep down in the soil through the roots. Forests thus also help in maintaining the water table.
- They are a source of recreation and tourism.
- Forests also control the noise pollution. The trees absorb the noise of the nearby traffic.
- Forest also acts as a natural absorber of rainwater and allows it to seep. It helps maintain the water table throughout the year.
- Forests not only help in controlling floods but also help in maintaining the flow of water in the streams so that we get a steady supply of water.
- If trees are not present, rain hits the ground directly and may flood the area around it. Heavy rain may also damage the soil. Roots of trees normally bind the soil together, but in their absence the soil is washed away or eroded.
(ii) Few measures to conserve forests:
- Afforestation: People living near forest areas should be made aware of the damages caused by felling of trees. They should be encouraged to cut branches, twigs, and leaves of the trees to meet their everyday requirements instead of chopping down the full-grown trees. Government and communities should take steps to plant trees on a large scale. Trees that will meet the basic requirements of fuel wood, fodder and timber should be planted instead of falling the existing ones.
- Planned cultivation: People should be made aware that a forest should not be cleared of all its trees and converted to an agricultural land, as this can lead to soil erosion.
- Prevent illegal logging: Illegal logging has led to the decrease of a lot of trees over the years. The Indian government has laid out rules to prevent illegal logging by making it punishable under law.
- Prevent overgrazing: Provision of sufficient pasture should be made, especially in areas adjoining forests, to prevent overgrazing of growing plants by cattle.
- Protection from forest fires: Forest fires can occur as a result of careless human activities, such as debris burning and campfires and lightning. These might cause damage to nearby housing and agricultural land. Forest fires are considered beneficial for plants, but they might have devastating effects on the animal life and people living nearby. These forest fires can be prevented by being careful in burning debris. Fire retardants and water bombs are also used to prevent forest fires.