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Social Science Class 7 Major Test 8 Questions and Answers Paper Part 2
Section-B
21. Describe the natural vegetation and wildlife of the tropical rainforests.
- The hardwood trees found in these forests are sal, teak, neem and shisham. Hardwood trees are extremely useful for making furniture, transport and constructional materials. Tigers, lions, elephants, langoors and monkeys are the common animals of these regions
22. Describe the landform features of the Sahara Desert.
The Sahara desert
The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world.
- It covers almost the whole of northern Africa.
- It extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Red Sea in the east. In the north, it is bound by the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlas Mountains and in the south, it merges into the Savanna Grasslands.
The land
- Sahara is not entirely a sandy desert. Only about one-fourth of it is covered with vast stretches of sand known as erg.
- Shifting sand dunes are common here. There are extensive areas of pebbles and gravel known as reg.
- Also, large, Smooth, bare bedrocks known as harnada, have been formed by the action of strong winds, which blow away all the sand particles.
- The land of the Sahara does not have uniform relief. Much of it is plain hut there are a few mountain ranges and plateaus. Emi Koussi (3415 m) in the Tibeti range is the highest peak. The Ahaggar is another important range. Sahara is dotted with several oases where water is available. Bilma and Kufra are some of the larger ones. The Nile and Niger rivers flow along the eastern and southern borders of the desert, respectively. Lake Chad on the southern border, is the only freshwater lake in this desert.
Climate
- The extreme climatic conditions and scarcity of water do not favour luxuriant plant growth in the Sahara.
- Thorny bushes and shrubs are common. Cactus, acacia and baobab trees are the main species. Date palms are found near the Oases.
- Plants in the desert have long roots, thick harks and small leathery leaves to reduce the rate of transpiration.
- Desert wildlife consists of antelopes, gazelles, hares, rodents, desert foxes, hyena % , snakes, lizards and different types of insects.
23. What is meant by Media?
- The word Media is the plural form of Medium and is used to denote the various means of mass communication. We have many means to communicate with other persons, such as the newspapers, the periodicals, the telephone and the cable network, the people.
- We can classify the Media into two broad categories- the Print Media and the Electronic Media.
24. What do you know about Chola Inscriptions?
The Chola ruler՚s achievements are recorded on stone and copper plates.
- These inscriptions have been found at many places like Tanjore, Thiruvalangadu, Trichy. etc.
- The inscriptions provide details of the various military campaigns launched by the Cholas.
- The inscriptions also tell us the way in which Gram Sahhas were organized or worked.
- The Chola inscriptions are in Tamil and Sanskrit.
25. What do you mean by urban settlement?
- Urban settlements: An urban settlement is one in which the majority of people are involved in Nona agricultural activities such as industry, trade, commerce, administration, etc.
- They usually have large population and population density is also high. Urban settlements are classified according to their dominant function.
26. Write a short note on Third Battle of Panipat.
Third Battle of Panipat (1761)
- The Marathas had begun to extend their influences over Delhi and Punjab, which was under a representative of Ahmad Shah Abdali.
- The forces of Ahmad Shah Abdali and Marathas met at Panipat in 1761.
- The Maratha forces under Sadashiv Rao Bhau were defeated.
- The defeat at Panipat marked the decline of Maratha՚s.
- It also gave an opportunity to the Europeans to establish their base in India.
27. Describe the transport in Prairies.
Transport
- The level and gently sloping land of the prairies has facilitated the construction of excellent road and railway networks.
- The completion of two transcontinental railways, the Canadian Pacific railway and the Canadian National railway, in the late nineteenth century attracted millions of people to the prairies. Even today, most of the settlements here are located along the railway lines or roads.
- The bulk of the farm products is transported to the markets and ports by railways.
- The Mississippi and its tributaries and canals are used as inland waterways, mostly for carrying bulky goods.
- The major towns of the prairies have air service too.
28. Describe the landform features of the Sahara Desert.
The Sahara desert
The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world.
- It covers almost the whole of northern Africa.
- It extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Red Sea in the east. In the north, it is bound by the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlas Mountains and in the south, it merges into the Savanna Grasslands.
(a) The land
- Sahara is not entirely a sandy desert. Only about one-fourth of it is covered with vast stretches of sand known as erg.
- Shifting sand dunes are common here. There are extensive areas of pebbles and gravel known as reg.
- Also, large, smooth, bare bedrocks known as hamada, have been formed by the action of strong winds, which blow away all the sand particles.
- The land of the Sahara does not have uniform relief. Much of it is plain but there are a few mountain ranges and plateaus. Emi Koussi (3415 m) in the Tibeti range is the highest peak.
- The Ahaggar is another important range. Sahara is dotted with several oases where water is available. Bilma and Kufra are some of the larger ones.
- The Nile and Niger rivers flow along the eastern and southern borders of the desert, respectively. Lake Chad on the southern border, is the only freshwater lake in this desert,
(b) Climate
- The extreme climatic conditions and scarcity of water do not favour luxuriant plant growth in the Sahara.
- Thorny bushes and shrubs are common. Cactus, acacia and baobab trees are the main species. Date palms are found near the Oases.
- Plants in the desert have long roots, thick barks and small leathery leaves to reduce the rate of transpiration.
- Desert wildlife consists of antelopes, gazelles, hares, rodents, desert foxes, hyenas, snakes, lizards and different types of insects.