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Monocytes and Lymphocytes Differences in Biology Import Concepts Must to Know

Question. Difference Between Monocytes and Lymphocytes.

Answer:

White Blood Cells (WBCs) :

WBC-white blood cells are also called leukocytes or leucocytes. They are cells of the immune system, which is mainly responsible for:

  • Protecting and fighting against invading pathogens.
  • Stimulates the production of the progesterone hormone
  • Play a vital role in the human reproductive system by producing a network of blood vessels within the ovary.

There are different types of white blood cells based on shape and the presence of granules in the cytoplasm. The white blood cells are categorised into two main categories. They are granulocytes and agranulocytes.

  • Granulocytes – Neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils.
  • Agranulocytes – Lymphocytes and monocytes.
Table of Difference between Monocytes and LymphocytesTable of Difference between Monocytes and Lymphocytes
Differentiating PropertyMonocytesLymphocytes
DefinitionMonocytes refer to the large phagocytic white blood cells with a simple oval nucleus and clear, greyish cytoplasm.Lymphocytes refer to a form of small leucocytes (white blood cells) with a single round nucleus, occurring especially in the lymphatic system.
AmountMonocytes account for of circulating white blood cells.Lymphocytes account for circulating white blood cells. Hence, this is a major difference between monocytes and lymphocytes.
SizeMonocytes are large.Lymphocytes are comparatively small.
ShapeMonocytes have a grainy, gritty texture.Lymphocytes are smooth.
Shape of the NucleusThe nucleus of monocytes has a complex shape.The nucleus of lymphocytes is relatively regular.
SignificanceThe monocytes can invade tissues and become either macrophages or dendritic cells.Lymphocytes are mainly found in circulation.
FunctionMonocytes destroy pathogens through phagocytosis.Lymphocytes produce antibodies against pathogens.
Type of ImmunityMonocytes are mainly involved in innate immunity.Lymphocytes are mainly involved in adaptive immunity.
VacuolesPresence of Infrequent vacuoles.Presence of frequent vacuoles.
CytoplasmThe cytoplasm is cloudy, opaque and blue-grey in colour with fine lilac granules.The cytoplasm is clear, transparent and sky blue in colour without granules.
LifespanThe lifespan of circulating monocytes is about hours.Lymphocytes are long-lived cells which may live for months or years.
TypeDendritic cells and Macrophages are two types of Monocytes.B lymphocytes (B cells) and T lymphocytes (T cells) are two types of lymphocytes.
ToolsMonocytes are the tools for Innate Immunity.Lymphocytes are tools for Adaptive Immunity.
DestroyDestroy pathogens through Phagocytosis.Destroy pathogens by producing antibodies.
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Illustration: Monocytes and Lymphocytes Differences in Biology Import Concepts Must to Know
Illustration: Monocytes and Lymphocytes Differences in Biology Import Concepts Must to Know