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Xylem and Phloem Differences in Biology Import Concepts Must to Know
Question. Difference Between Xylem and Phloem.
Answer:
Differentiating Property | Xylem | Phloem |
Meaning | Complex tissue of plants that transports water and nutrients within the plant. | Living tissue that transports food and organic materials within the plant. |
Type of Cell | Contains dead cells with the exception of parenchyma. | Contains of mostly living cells. |
Materials | It comprises of fiber, tracheid, and xylem vessels. | It comprises of sieve cells, sieve tubes, phloem fibers, phloem parenchyma, and companion cells. |
Location | The location of xylem is deep in the plant, in the centre of vascular bundle. | The location of phloem is on the outer side of the plantΥs vascular bundle. |
Mechanical Support | It provides mechanical support. | Provides no mechanical support. |
Type of Movement | These tissues move in a Unidirectional. (Only in one direction β upward direction) . | These tissues move in a Bidirectional. (Both ways β up and down) |
Xylem and Phloem functioning | Transports only waters and minerals from roots. | Transports food materials whose preparation takes place by the green parts of the plant. |
Proportion of Plant | Xylem constitutes mostly the bulk of the body of the plant. | Phloem constitutes a small part of the body of the plant. |
Conducting Cells | In xylem, the conducting cells are dead. | In phloem, the conducting cells are certainly living. |
Fibers | Xylem fibers are smaller. | Phloem fibers are larger. |
Found In | They are present in roots, stems and leaves. | They are present in stems and leaves, which later transports and grow in roots, fruits and seeds. |
No of Tissues | The total amount of xylem tissue is more. | The total amount of phloem tissue is less. |
Features | It consists of tracheid, vessel elements, xylem parenchyma, xylem sclerenchyma and xylem fibres. | It consists of four elements: companion cells, sieve tubes, bast fibres, phloem fibres, intermediary cells and the phloem parenchyma. |
Functions | Transports soluble mineral nutrients and water molecules from the roots to the aerial parts of the plant. Provides mechanical strength to the plant and helps in strengthening the stem. | Transports food and other nutrients including sugar and amino acids from leaves to storage organs and growing parts of the plant. Translocate the synthesized sugars by the photosynthetic areas of plants to storage organs like roots, bulbs and tubers. |
Vascular Bundles | Forms vascular bundles with phloem. | Forms vascular bundles with xylem. |
Responsible | It is responsible for replacing the total amount of lost water molecules through transpiration and photosynthesis. | It is responsible for transporting proteins and mRNAs throughout the plant. |
Structure |