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Clothing Material: Clothing, Clothing History, Functions of Clothes
Clothing and Its History
- The different types of materials worn on the body are collectively known as Clothing.
- Clothing helps us to protect our bodies against rain, cold and other weather conditions.
- The first clothes were made up from animal skin, fur, grass, leaves, bone, and shells.
- The garments were often draped or tied.
- The early men used to cover their bodies by wrapping tree leaves, woven grass or tree barks, bones, skull, etc.
- According to History clothes changed along with the culture, fashion, and wealth.
- It was in the Middle East where the clothes changed along with the culture, fashion, and wealth started.
- It is also believed that wearing fabric clothes began from 100,000 to 500,000 years ago.
Evolution of Clothing
- It is believed that the cotton was first cultivated in 3,000 BC.
- Wool was being woven about 4,000 BC in Egypt.
- In the year 1935, Nylon, an artificial fiber was invented replacing silk.
- China was the first country to start with silk production.
Ready-Made Clothing
- All the clothes were local and hand-sewn before the invention of sewing machines.
- Individual items of clothing for customers were made by the tailors and seamstresses in most of the towns.
- The ready-made clothing industry took off after the invention of the sewing machine.
Functions of Clothing
- It ensures safety during the hazardous activities such as while working in boiler plants.
- It protects us from various types of weather conditions such as extreme cold or heat.
- Clothing performs a range of social and cultural functions.
- In societies, norms about clothing reflect:
- Standards of modesty
- Religion
- Gender
- Social Status
- It may also function as a form of adornment and an expression of personal taste or style.
- Clothing also protects us from environmental hazards such as insects, noxious chemicals, weather, weapons, etc.
Knitting
- It was first introduced as a fabric creation technique around 6500 BC.
- It is a method using which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric.
- It creates stitches, loops of yarn in a row, either flat or in the round (tubular) .
Looms
- There are two main types of loom, which dominate textile production namely warp-weighted loom and beam boom.
- The length of the cloth beam determined the width of the cloth woven.
- Early woven clothing was often made of full loom widths draped, tied, or pinned in place.
Textile Trade in the Ancient World
Ancient Near East
- The earliest known woven textiles of the Near East may be flax fabrics.
- These flax fabrics used to wrap the dead, excavated at a Neolithic site.
Ancient Egypt
- In the Neolithic period, evidence exists of linen cloth.
- Other bast fibers including rush, reed, palm, and papyrus were used alone or with linen to make rope and other textiles.
Ancient China
- The earliest evidence of silk production in China was found at the sites of Yangshao culture in Xia.
- From the sites of Hemudu culture in Yuyao, Zhejiang fragments of primitive loom are also seen.
Ancient Thailand
90 fragments of a spindle whorl dated from 3rd century BC to 3rd century AD have been discovered by the archaeologists.
Ancient Japan
- Clothing became longer and wider in general and sewing methods were more advanced.
- The pottery pattern imprints depict also fine mat designs, proving their weaving techniques.
- Rice cultivation was developed during the Yayoi.
- Due to high cost of the silks, it could be used only by certain classes or ranks.