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NCERT Class 11- Biology: Chapter β 4 Animal Kingdom
Question 4:
Fill up the blank spaces appropriately
Phylum/Class | Excretory Organ | Circulatory Organ | Respiratory Organ |
Arthropoda | Lungs/Gills/Tracheal System | ||
Nephridia | Closed | Skin/parapodia | |
Metanephridia | Open | ||
Amphibia | Closed | Lung |
Answer:
Phylum/Class | Excretory Organ | Circulatory Organ | Respiratory Organ |
Arthropoda | A | B | Lungs/Gills/Tracheal System |
C | Nephridia | Closed | Skin/parapodia |
D | Metanephridia | Open | E |
Amphibia | F | Closed | Lung |
A = Malpighian Tubule/coxal glands/anternary glands/green glands
B = Open
C = Annelida
D = Mollusca
E = Feather like gills
F = Kidney
Question 5:
Match the following
a. | Amphibia | i. | Air bladder |
b. | Mammals | ii. | Cartilaginous notochord |
c. | Chondrichthyes | iii. | Mammary glands |
d. | Ostichthyes | iv. | Pneumatic bones |
e. | Cyclostomata | v. | Dual habitat |
f. | Aves | vi. | Sucking and circular mouth without jaws. |
Answer:
A. - (v) B. - (iii) C. - (ii) D. - (i) E. - (vi) F. - (iv)
a. Amphibians possess dual habitat, i.e.. , they are found in both aquatic and terrestrial habitat. Their larva is completely aquatic and adult lives in terrestrial as well as in aquatic habitat
b. Mammals have mammary glands which produce milk and feed their young ones. The mammary glands are enlarged exocrine modified sweat glands functional in female mammals.
c. Chondrichthyes have the cartilaginous rod (notochord) in the young stage which is gradually replaced by cartilage.
d. Osteichthyes have air bladder which is a vesicle or sac containing air,
e. Cyclostomes possess sucking and circular mouth without jaws which is surrounded by tentacles and the tongue bears teeth, e. g. , lamprey and nag fish.
f. Aves have light weighted bones with internal spaces filled with air called pneumatic bones and aerodynamic lungs with specialized air sacs. These are the adaptations which enable birds to fly.
Question 6:
Endoparasites are found inside the host body. Mention the special structure, possessed by these and which enables them to survive in those conditions.
Answer:
The life cycles of endoparasities are more complex because of their extreme specialization. Their morphological and anatomical features are greatly simplified while emphasizing their reproductive potential. In accordance with their life style parasites evolve special adaptations such as:
1. Loss of unnecessary sense organs.
2. Loss of digestive system.
3. High reproductive capacity.
4. Presence of adhesive organs or suckers to cling on to the host.
Question 7:
Match the following and write correct choice in space provided
Animal | Characteristics | ||
a. | Pila | i. | Jointed appendages |
b. | Cockroach | ii. | Perching |
c. | Asterias | iii. | Water vascular system |
d. | Torpedo | iv. | electric organ |
e. | Parrot | v. | Presence of shell |
f. | Dog fish | vi. | Placoid scales |
a. ________, b. ________, c. ________ d. ________, e. ________, f. ________
Answer:
(a) (v) , (b) (i) , (c) (iii) , (d) (iv) , (e) (ii) , (f) (vi)