# NCERT Physics Class 12 Exemplar Ch 13 Nuclei Part 4 (For CBSE, ICSE, IAS, NET, NRA 2022)

Doorsteptutor material for CBSE/Class-12 is prepared by world's top subject experts: get questions, notes, tests, video lectures and more- for all subjects of CBSE/Class-12.

23 The deuteron is bound by nuclear forces just as H-atom is made up of p and e bound by electrostatic forces. If we consider the force between neutron and proton in deuteron as given in the form of a Coulomb potential but with an effective charge e ′ : estimate the value of given that the binding energy of a deuteron is .

Ans:

• The binding energy in H atom
• If proton and neutron had charge e′ each and were governed by the same electrostatic force, then in the above equation we would need to replace electronic mass m by the reduced mass m′ of proton-neutron and the electronic charge e by e′ .

∴ Binding energy (given) 2

Diving (2) by (1)

24 Before the neutrino hypothesis, the beta decay process was through to be the transition,

If this was true, show that if the neutron was at rest, the proton and electron would emerge with fixed energies and calculate them. Experimentally, the electron energy was found to have a large range.

Ans:

• Before decay, neutron is at rest. Hence ,
• After decay, from conservation of momentum:

Or

Also,

• From conservation of energy:

• Since the energy difference between n and p is small, pc will be small, , while pc may be greater than

• To first order

This gives the momentum.

Then,

Developed by: