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NCERT Class - 9 Science Solutions: Chapter 13 - Why Do We Fall Ill Part 4

Question 24:

Name the target organs for the following diseases

  1. Hepatitis targets________.
  2. Fits or unconsciousness targets ________.
  3. Pneumonia targets ________.
  4. Fungal disease targets ________.

Answer:

  1. Hepatitis targets liver. hepatitis viruses is liver cells, because molecules on the surface of liver cells match corresponding molecules on the surface of the viruses.
    Illustration: NCERT Class - 9 Science Solutions: Chapter 13 - Why Do We Fall Ill Part 4
  2. Fits or unconsciousness targets brain. It is caused by a disturbance in electrical activity of the brain which can be due to conditions such as epilepsy. In serious cases patient may lose consciousness or experience conclusions.
    Illustration: NCERT Class - 9 Science Solutions: Chapter 13 - Why Do We Fall Ill Part 4
  3. Pneumonia targets lungs. Pneumonia is a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection of one or both sides of the lungs that causes the air sacs, or alveoli, of the lungs to fill up with fluid or pus.
    Illustration: NCERT Class - 9 Science Solutions: Chapter 13 - Why Do We Fall Ill Part 4
  4. Fungal disease targets skin. Fungi can live in the air, soil, water, and plants. There are also some fungi that live naturally in the human body.
Illustration: NCERT Class - 9 Science Solutions: Chapter 13 - Why Do We Fall Ill Part 4

Question 25:

  1. Who discovered ‘vaccine’ for the first time?
  2. Name two diseases which can be prevented by using vaccines.

Answer:

  1. Edward Jenner discovered ‘vaccine’ for the first time
  2. Example — Small pox, Polio

Question 26:

Fill in the blanks

  1. ________ disease continues for many days and causes________ on body.
  2. ________disease continues for a few days and causes no longer term effect on body.
  3. ________is defined as physical, mental and social well-being and comfort.
  4. Common cold is________ disease.
  5. Many skin diseases are caused by________.

Answer:

  1. Chronic disease continues for many days and causes long term effect on body.
  2. Acute disease continues for a few days and causes no longer term effect on body.
  3. Health is defined as physical, mental and social well-being and comfort.
  4. Common cold is Infectious⟋communicable disease.
  5. Many skin diseases are caused byfungi

Question 27:

Classify the following diseases asInfectious or Non-infectious.

  1. AIDS
  2. Tuberculosis
  3. Cholera
  4. High blood pressure
  5. Heart disease
  6. Pneumonia
  7. Cancer

Answer:

  1. AIDS -Infectious
  2. Tuberculosis -Infectious
  3. Cholera -Infectious
  4. High blood pressure -Non-infectious
  5. Heart disease -Non-infectious
  6. Pneumonia -Infectious
  7. Cancer -Non-infectious

Question 28:

Name any two groups of micro-organisms from which antibiotics could be extracted.

Answer:

Two groups of microorganisms that produce antibiotics are Bacteria.

(1) Fungi such as Penicillium notatum

(2) Bacteria such as Streptomyces species

The bacterium which causes peptic ulcers is called Helicobacter pylori. It was discovered by Barry J. Marshall and Robin Warren

Question 29:

Name any three diseases transmitted through vectors.

Answer:

Disease caused by vectors are Malaria, Dengue and Kala-azar, yellow fever