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NCERT Class X Science Solutions: Chapter 6 – Life Processer Part 1

Question 1:

The kidneys in human beings are a part of the system for

  1. Nutrition.
  2. Respiration.
  3. Excretion.
  4. Transportation.

Answer:

In human beings, the kidneys are a part of the system for excretion.

Excretion is a process of removing waste materials such as nitrogenous waste through excretory system is known as Excretion.

Illustration: NCERT Class X Science Solutions: Chapter 6 – Life Processer Part 1

Excretory system includes a pair of Kidneys; a pair of ureters, Urinary bladder and urethra to complete excretion process successfully.

Question 2:

The xylem in plants are responsible for

  1. Transport of water.
  2. Transport of food.
  3. Transport of amino acids.
  4. Transport of oxygen.

Answer:

In a plant, the xylem is responsible for transport of water.

Xylem is responsible for transportation of water and minerals. Xylem conducts water from the roots to the other parts of the plant and phloem conducts food from the leaves to the different parts of the body.

Illustration: NCERT Class X Science Solutions: Chapter 6 – Life Processer Part 1

Question 3:

The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires

  1. Carbon dioxide and water.
  2. Chlorophyll.
  3. Sunlight.
  4. All of the above.

Answer:

Auto means self and trophos means nourishment. Plants are called autotrophs because they make their food themselves. The making of food for themselves is called the Autotrophic nutrition. Autotrophic nutrition is found in green plants.

The autotrophic mode of nutrition requires carbon dioxide, water, chlorophyll and sunlight.

Illustration: NCERT Class X Science Solutions: Chapter 6 – Life Processer Part 1

Question 4:

The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy takes place in

  1. Cytoplasm.
  2. Mitochondria.
  3. Chloroplast.
  4. Nucleus.

Answer:

The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy takes place in mitochondria.

Hence, mitochondria are also known as power house of the cells.

Question 5:

How are fats digested in our bodies? Where does this process take place?

Answer:

Fats are present in the form of large globules in the small intestine. The small intestine gets the secretions in the form of bile juice and pancreatic juice respectively from the liver and the pancreas. The bile salts (from the liver) break down the large fat globules into smaller globules so that the pancreatic enzymes can easily act on them. This is referred to as emulsification of fats. It takes place in the small intestine.

Question 6:

What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food?

Answer:

Saliva is secreted by the salivary glands, located under the tongue. It makes the food soft for easy swallowing. It contains a digestive enzyme called salivary amylase, which breaks down starch into sugar.

Illustration: NCERT Class X Science Solutions: Chapter 6 – Life Processer Part 1

Saliva begins digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth by the action of salivary amylase. This enzyme breaks polysaccharides into maltose.