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Class 6 Civics Chapter 4 Elements of Democracy, Choice of People, Participation, Conflict Resolution

Elements of Democracy

Illustration: Elements of Democracy

Choice of People

  • People can choose the members of the government through elections.
  • People have free choice to pick their leaders and it happens only within a Democratic government.

Participation of People

  • People in a democratic government are given supreme preference for the sake of public welfare.
  • They can participate in politics and public jobs.
  • Just because a person has royal background, he/she cannot be designated on higher positions.
  • In India a govt. is elected for a five years period post which further elections are conducted where people can elect a new government.
  • If people see that the existing govt. has been doing well then, the same may come in power once again.
  • In case the elected representatives failed to protect the public interest, they may get defeated in the next elections.

Other Means of Participation

  • People may raise their voice through mass protests in case their interests are being ignored.
  • Protests may also be organized for raising new demands to the government.
  • Sometimes the govt. takes cognizance of the demands but sometimes it may not pay any heed to the protests.
  • Social groups protest demand:
    • Job reservation
    • Higher wages
  • Ways to protest:
    • Social media
    • Debates on television
    • Writing letters to the editors of newspaper.

Conflict Resolution

  • Conflicts arise due to the social groups not sharing a common interest.
  • Conflicts can be resolved peacefully at the sametime they can be violent as well.
  • The police and the govt. should ensure that the conflicts resolution takes place in a peaceful manner.

River Water Conflicts

  • One of the examples is that of the sharing of waters of the Kaveri River which has become a critical issue between the Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
  • The central govt. from time to time has tried to keep the situation under control.
Illustration: River Water Conflicts

Religion Based Conflicts

During festivals these conflicts may arise and it is the duty of the police to make sure that the festival passes off peacefully.

Other Important Elements

Fundamental Rights

  • Recognition of fundamental rights is one of the most important prerequisites of democracy.
  • These are the basic human rights.
  • These rights cannot be suspended.
  • Some of the rights guaranteed in a democratic system:
    • Right to life
    • Right to education
    • Freedom of speech
    • Freedom of religion
    • Right to a fair trial
    • Right to acquire property etc.

Rule of Law

Legislature

Responsible for adopting policies and making laws.

Executive

Responsible for enforcing laws and to maintain law and order in the state.

Judiciary

  • Judiciary comes into play in case the laws are violated.
  • It involves the local courts, high courts, and supreme courts.

Equality and Justice

  • Denial of basic human rights due to the caste system particularly affecting the people from the downtrodden section.
  • People belonging to certain caste were not allowed to enter temples.
  • It is the supreme duty of the govt. of India to make sure that nobody suffers because of inequality.

Gender Based Inequality

  • A male child gets more preference over a female one.
  • Girls are not given the same opportunities as that of the boys as far as education is concerned in several families.
  • States like Karnataka, Telangana and Punjab provide free education to girls.