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NCERT Class 10 Geography Chapter 2: Forest & Wildlife Resources Completes Notes Part 5
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NCERT Class 10 Geography Chapter 2: Forest and Wildlife Resources (Dr. Manishika) | English|CBSE
Decline in Biodiversity
- Habitat destruction
- Hunting
- Poaching
- Over-exploitation
- Environmental pollution
- Poisoning
- Forest fires
- Over-population
- Unequal access
- Inequitable consumption of resources and differential sharing of responsibility (Americans consume 40 times more than Somalians)
Now what are the factors that affect decline in the biodiversity as we discussed first is the developmental and projects the next is Habitat destruction because we are kind of moving from forest area to agricultural area or other development projects the habitat for the wildlife is decreasing hunting and poaching activities over exploitation of forest resources environmental pollution poisoning in certain areas then you have forest fires overpopulation unequal access an inequitable consumption of resources and differentials sharing of responsibility that is again important because what is happening is if we talk about America, we have the American that consume nearly 40 times more than the Somalians what they consume from nature or natural resources so there is kind of differential sharing of responsibility that occurs or the inequitable consumption of resources.
So there are certain areas where there is very high consumption of resources in contrast to other area and all these factors are ultimately affecting the biodiversity and are leading to decline in the biodiversity.
Conservation of Forest and Wildlife
- Preserves ecological diversity and our life support systems – water, air and soil.
- Preserves the genetic diversity of plants and animals for better growth of species and breeding
- Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act implemented in 1972 – protect endangered species – national parks and sanctuaries
- Specific projects for tiger, Kashmir stag or hangul, one horned rhino, gharial, Asiatic lions
- Full or partial protection to Indian elephant, black buck (chinkara) , great Indian bustard (godawan) & snow leopard
- Wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986, several hundred butterflies, moths, beetles, and one dragonfly have been added to the list of protected species.
- In 1991, for the first-time plants were added to the list with six species.
Now what are the beans for conservation of forest and wild life the first is to preserve the genetic diversity to support forestation activities so a forestation then there are numerous acts that have been released so Indian wildlife act 1972 talk about the protecting endangered species then you have special projects, which are run for let՚s say project tiger, project crocodiles, then you have project for Kashmir stag or hangul, project for horned rhino, gharial, Asiatic lions.
So, all these projects are kind of animal specific projects which are run to ensure that these animals are not moving towards extinction or they are no more threatened again there is kind of full or partial protection that is given to Indian elephants, black bucks (chinkara) , great Indian bustard (godawan) & snow leopard.
Then during 1980 - 1986 there were numerous butterflies՚ moths, beetles, that have been added to protected list and in 1991 for the first-time plants were added to the protected species with six species that were included at that time.