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NCERT Class 10 Geography Chapter 6: Manufacturing Industries Completes Notes Part 4
Get the Video tutorial on this topic at: Manufacturing Industries
Iron & Steel Industry
- Production & consumption is index of development
- Iron: coking coal: manganese = 4: 2: 1
- 2016 – India 4th in crude oil production
- Largest producer of sponge iron
- Per capita consumption was 32 kg
- China- largest producer & consumer
- Max. conc. in Chotanagpur plateau (high grade, Cheap labor, low cost)
- Poor performance – low productivity, erratic power, High cost of coking coal, poor infrastructure
The next is iron steel industry, now India you have the major industry as iron steel industry. China is the largest producer and consumer. you have some of the step which are given for the iron industries, understand how the iron industry works.
First of all you have the blast furnace, under the blast furnace you will have iron that is melted to melt that iron you would flucks in lime stone, you would have the slate that would be removed and the cooking coal that would be required. Next to that you would have after the blast furnace you would have production of big irons so it would be made in the modes and those modes are big, so you have big iron that is produced that is the rote iron and from the rote iron you would have the process iron is produced so you would have finally steel making and rolling and fabrication that text places. So that՚s the process in the various steps of steel manufacturing in India.
Now most of the concentrated in Chhota Nagpur plateau region because of the high grade of iron content cheap labor and low cost of production, now again it՚s important to note as if I՚m trying to establish industry my primary concern would be reduction in the cost, so it would be buy proximity to row-material or by establishing the region where you have cheap labor or cheap water supply that is available.
India is still has poor performance in case of iron steel industries that is attributed due to low productivity, irregular power supply, the high cost of the cooking coal that comes here and the poor infrastructure facilities in most of the region.
So you have Bhilai in Chhattisgarh, you have Jamshedpur and Bokaro in Jharkhand. You would have Durgapur, Bumpur and Kulti in west Bengal. You have Rourkela and Jajpur in Odisha are some of the basic center of iron ans steel industries.
Now there is another nimonic they you most D > R > B, that is, these are the three important plants and the order inverse established. So Durgapur established prior to Rourkela and Rourkela was established prior to Bhilai, now the support from the various region so the Bhilai was supported by Russia so Soviet Union support or collaboration of Soviet Union let to establishment of Bhilai plant the Rourkela plant was established with German collaboration and finally you have the Durgapur plant was established with British collaboration. Of recent there has been Daitri plant that has come up in Odisha and that is due to the collaboration of Britain and south coria.
So the collaboration of various nations for the various plants is again important. Durgapur by British collaboration, Rourkela by German collaboration and Bhilai by Russian collaboration. One more important thing under the iron steel industries is Tesco, Tata iron-steel company is only private sector company under steel manufacturing. Other companies work under SAIL that is Steel Authority of India limited company.