NCERT History Class 6 – Notes of Chapter 5: Early Republic (For CBSE, ICSE, IAS, NET, NRA 2023)

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Janapadas

  • The kings that perform big ritual incidentals.
  • The word janapada accurately means the land where the Jana [people] set its foot, and recognized down.
  • At Purana Qila in Delhi, Hastinapur near Meerut, and Atranjikhera, near Etah (the last two are in Uttar Pradesh) , Archaeological site of Janapadas, settlements, were create.
  • The people referred huts, and kept cattle to lives other animals also referred it.
  • They also grew variety of crops such as rice, wheat, barley, pulses, sugarcane, sesame and mustard.
  • At Painted Grey Ware of humble lines and regular patterns sites special type of pottery found.

Mahajanapadas

16 Mahajanapadas
  • Some Janapadas became more important than others Mahajanapadas before 2500 years ago.
  • Many of these were encouraged most had a capital city
  • The new kings began maintaining army՚s and solders also get salaries.
  • New styles of farming were seen in this time and here more grain could be produce with made of wood plough.
  • Second, people instigated transplanting paddy.
  • During this people started instead of scattering seed on the ground, saplings were grown and then planted in the fields.

Magadha

Magadha Empier Map
  • Ganga and Son revers are nearer to it so that water requirements for both drinking and farming were easily feed.
  • Min Magadha Iron ore mines are used to make strong tools and weapon.
  • The two powerful rulers Bimbisara and Ajatasatru are used all means to conquer other janapadas.
  • Mahapadma Nanda increases his impair to the north-west part of subcontinent.
  • Magadha՚s capital was replaced from Rajagriha (present Rajgir) to Pataliputra (present Patna)
  • Alexander of Macedonia reached to the banks of river Beas in Magadha, but his soldiers rejected to fight because of the fear of Magadha՚s elephant and chariot armies.

Vajji

  • It was having separated government from Mahajanapadas which was known gana or Sangha and its capital was Vaishali (Bihar) .
Vrijji One of the Mahajanapadas
  • This institute had many leaders (more than1000) not one and they were known as Raja.
  • These rajas completed traditions together and they also used to arrange meetings for upcoming course of action if wanted.
  • Any women including dasas and kammakaras were not participating in these assemblies.
  • Both the Buddha and Mahavira belonged to ganas.
  • Vajji has ruled for more than 1500 years many powerful Rajas had tried to overcome sanghas than Gupta era overcome empire when last Sangha ruler was defeated.