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NCERT Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 6 Square and Square Roots CBSE Board Sample Problems

Square and Square Roots

Square Number

If a natural number m can be expressed an where n is also a natural number, then m is a Square number

Some important point to note

Some Important Point to Note
S. noPoints
1.All Square numbers end with 0, 1,4, 5,6 or 9 at unit՚s place
2.If a number has 1 or 9 in unit՚s place, then it՚s Square ends in 1
3.When a Square number ends in 6 the number whose Square it is, will have either 4 or 6 in unit՚s place
4.None of Square number with 2,3, 7 or 8 at unit՚s place
5.Even number square is even while odd number square is Odd
6.There are 2 n non perfect square numbers between the squares of the numbers n and (n + 1)
7.If a natural number cannot be expressed as a sum of successive odd natural numbers starting with 1 , then it is not a perfect square

How to Find the Square of Number Easily

How to Find the Square of Number Easily
Sr. noMethodWorking
1.Identity methodWe know that

Example

2.Special cases

hundred + 25

Example

Pythagorean Triplets

For any natural number , we have

So, 2 m, forms a Pythagorean triplet

Example

6,8, 10

Square Root

Square Root of a number is the number whose Square is given number

So we know that

Square root of m

Square root is denoted by expression

How to Find Square Root

How to Find Square Root
NameDescription
Finding Square root through repeated subtractionWe know sum of the first n odd natural numbers is . So in this method we subtract the odd number starting from 1 until we get the reminder as zero. The count of odd number will be the Square root

Consider 36 Then.

So 6 odd number, Square root is 6

Finding Square root through prime factorisationThis method, we find the prime factorization of the number.

We will get same prime number occurring in pair for perfect Square number. Square root will be given by multiplication of prime factor occurring in pair

Consider

81

Finding Square root by division methodThis can be well explained with the example
  • Step 1 place a bar over every pair of digits starting from the digit at one՚s place. If the number of digits in it odd, then the left-most single digit too will have a bar. So in the below example 6 and 25 will have separate bar
  • Step 2 find the largest number whose Square is less than or equal to the number under the extreme left bar. Take this number as the divisor and the quotient with the number under the extreme left bar as the divided. Divide and get the remainder
  • In the below example 4 < 6, so taking2 as divisor and quotient and dividing, we get 2 as reminder
  • Step 3 Bring down the number under the next bar to the right of the remainder
  • In the below example we bring 25 down with the reminder, so the number is 225
  • Step 4 double the quotient and enter it with a blank on its right.

    In the below example, it will be 4

  • Step 5 Guess a largest possible digit to fill the blank which will also become the new digit in the quotient, such that when the new divisor is multiplied to the new quotient the product is less than or equal to the dividend.

    In this case so we choose the new digit as 5. Get the remainder.

  • Step 6 Since the remainder is 0 and no digits are left in the given number, therefore the number on the top is square root
Illustration: How to Find Square Root

In case of Decimal number, we count the bar on the integer part in the same manner as we did above, but for the decimal part, we start pairing the digit from first decimal part.