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Methods of Child Study: Questionnaire: Advantages and Disadvantages

Questionnaire

  • The questionnaire is a tool that uses questioning as a strategy to gather responses. It consists of a set of written questions which calls for responses on the part of individual (s) or the subject (s) .
  • It is a very concise, preplanned set of questions to elicit information about the feelings, beliefs, experiences, perceptions, or attitudes on a selected topic. The questionnaire may be self-administered, or group administered.
Illustration: Questionnaire

Types of Questionnaire

The questionnaire may be closed ended and open ended. Let us study about theses as follows:

  • Closed ended Questionnaire: It consists of a list of pre-decided questions with forced choices. The respondent is required to choose one of choices from the set of multiple options provided.
  • Open Ended Questionnaire: It consists of list of pre decided questions where there is a scope to provide descriptive and subjective responses.

Advantages of Questionnaire

  • Administering questionnaires involves low cost and is less time-consuming.
  • Information can be collected from a large number of individuals in a relatively short period of time
  • Each respondent receives the same set of questions phrased in exactly the same way. Questionnaires may, therefore, yield data more comparable than information obtained through an interview.

Disadvantages of Questionnaire

  • It can only be conducted with literate respondents.
  • There is no scope to clarify meanings or explain the questions and the responses.
  • There is no scope for follow-up questions.
  • It has a low return rate i.e.. the respondent may not return the filled in questionnaire.
  • There is a possibility that the respondent may not answer all the questions.

Factors to be Kept in Mind While Preparing a Questionnaire

  • Wording, sequence of questions and instructions have to be carefully prepared
  • Confidentiality must be ensured
  • Sufficient blank space must be provided in case of open-ended questionnaire.
  • The questionnaire may be provided to the respondents in their local language.

Differences between Questionnaire and Interview

Differences between Questionnaire and Interview
InterviewQuestionnaire
1 Takes place in face-to-faceAdministered through a printed form
2 Except for infants and young children, can be used with everyoneCan only be used with literate persons
3 Time consumingLess time consuming
4 Can be done with only a small number of people at a particular timeCan be administered to a large number of people at a particular time
5 The analyses of responses is complexRelatively easy to analyses as the responses are received in predefined categories
6 The meaning of questions can be clarified to the interviewee in face to-face situation.The subjects make their own interpretation since the doubts cannot be clarified
7 Possible to have an in-depth understanding about the respondentLimits the responses of the respondent since it close-ended
8 Only socially desirable responses may be obtainedAnonymity while answering the questionnaire allows respondents to be more honest
9. Constructing an interview schedule is relatively easyConstruction of close-ended question is time consuming and complex