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Psychology: Adulthood and Ageing: Young Adulthood and Middle Age
The Adulthood Stages
The stage of adulthood has the following sub periods:
(1) Young adulthood (20 s to 30 s) ,
(2) Middle adulthood (40 s to 50 s) and
(3) Later adulthood (60 s and above.)
Young Adulthood
During this period, one sees himself or herself as an autonomous and independent adult. The stage of young adulthood is characterized by new tasks and challenges in life such as establishing financial and emotional independence and entering into marital relationship. According to Erikson this period is characterized by a crisis of ‘intimacy versus isolation’ . The young adults must develop the ability to form deep intimate relationships with others.
Adulthood or Middle Age
Middle age is characterized by competence, maturity, responsibility and stability. This is the time when one wants to enjoy the success of job, satisfaction derived from the family and social life. Middle age is also viewed as a period of creativity and significant contribution to society.
Old Age
Later adulthood or the period of old age begins around the age of sixty. During this
stage most individuals lose their jobs as they retire from active service. They begin to fear about their physical and psychological health.
Physical and Cognitive Changes During Adulthood and Old Age
Physical Changes
- External changes
- Internal changes
- Changes in sensory capacities
Cognitive Changes
Cognition refers to the process by which information is acquired, stored, and used. During adulthood and aging various aspects of cognition like memory, learning, attention and speed of performance get adversely affected.
Coping with the Problem During Old Age
Leading a disciplined life means giving the body enough time to rest, proper work habit, less tensions, proper nutrition and spirituality. This may help in coping with the problems of old age.
Importance of Aged People in Society
Aged people have been always considered as individuals with a vast repertoire of knowledge and experience.