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P-Block Element and Their Compound β I: Physical Properties
Properties
Physical Properties
- Nitrogen is a colorless, odorless and tasteless diatomic gas.
- The specific gravity in the gaseous state is 0 96737, in the liquid state 0.804, and in the solid state 1.0265.
- Nitrogen is slightly soluble in water, 100 volumes of water at 20Β°C dissolve only 1.64 volumes of gas.
- Nitrogen is non-poisonous, but simply dilutes the oxygen of the air.
- Nitrogen gas is neither combustible nor a supporter of combustion.
Chemical Properties
Nitrogen is passed over heated metals like lithium, calcium, magnesium and aluminum, it forms nitrides.
These nitrides are readily decomposed by water.
At 200 atmospheres and in presence of a catalyst, finely divided iron and molybdenum as promotor at 450Β°-500Β°C, nitrogen combines with hydrogen.
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It combines with carbides to form cyanamides which react with superheated steam to evolve ammonia.
Nitrogen combines with oxygen to form nitric oxide in the presence of lighting discharge.
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Uses
- Nitrogen is used on a large scale for the manufacture of ammonia, nitric acid and other important compound of nitrogen.
- Nitrogen is used for filling electric bulbs.
- Nitrogen is used in the manufacture of high temperature thermometers.
- Nitrogen is used as a source of cold when liquefied.