IEO Level 2- English Olympiad (SOF) Class 9 Coaching Programs

⏳ 🎯 Online Tests (2 Tests [50 Questions Each]): NTA Pattern, Analytics & Explanations

Click Here to View & Get Complete Material

Rs. 200.00

3 Year Validity (Multiple Devices)

🎓 Study Material (303 Notes): 2024-2025 Syllabus

Click Here to View & Get Complete Material

Rs. 450.00

3 Year Validity (Multiple Devices)

🎯 250 MCQs (& PYQs) with Full Explanations (2024-2025 Exam)

Click Here to View & Get Complete Material

Rs. 200.00

3 Year Validity (Multiple Devices)

Soap, Detergents and Polymers: Types of Polymers and Polymerization

Polymer

  • A Polymer is a giant molecule formed by inter molecular linkage between same or different types of smaller molecules called monomers. A polymer may be obtained from two monomers.
  • For example, polyethene is a polymer of the monomer ethylene .
  • Monomers are the small molecule which are capable of linking amongst them- selves to form big molecules called polymers.

Types of Polymers

Homopolymer

A polymer formed from only one kind of monomers is called homopolymer. Polyethene is an example of homopolymer.

Copolymer

  • A polymer formed from more than one kind of monomer units is called copolymer or mixed polymer.
  • For example, Buna-S rubber, which is formed from 1,3- butadiene and styrene is an example of copolymer.

Polymerization

The process by which the monomers get linked up is called polymerization.

Polymerization is represented as:

Illustration: Polymerization

where M stands for the monomer.

Types of Polymerization

Addition Polymerization

  • This process involves the addition of monomer units to themselves to form a growing chain by a chain reaction mechanism. It is for this reason that the process is also known as chain growth polymerization.
  • For example, benzoyl peroxide provides free radical ‘benzyl’ to initiate the chain polymerization reaction.
Illustration: Addition Polymerization

Initiation,

Illustration: Addition Polymerization

These free radicals (R) then attack the unsaturated monomer and form a new free radical which goes on successively adding monomers and thus grows the chain, this is called Chain propagation.

Illustration: Addition Polymerization

The final termination of the two growing chains leads to a polymer. This is called chain termination:

Illustration: Addition Polymerization

Condensation Polymerization

In this, the monomers combine with the elemi-nation of a small molecule like , or , etc. The reaction is called (step growth) condensation polymerization and the product formed is called con-dentation polymer.

Illustration: Condensation Polymerization

The process involves the elimination of by product molecules, therefore, the molecular mass of the polymer is not the integral multiple of the monomer units.