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Computer Science: Introduction to C ++ : Tokens and Identifiers

Tokens

  • A token is a group of characters that logically belong together. The programmer can write a program by using tokens.
  • C ++ uses the following types of tokens.
Illustration: Tokens

Keywords

There are some reserved words in C ++ which have predefined meaning to complier called keywords.

Some commonly used keywords are given below:

Illustration: Keywords

Identifiers

  • Symbolic names can be used in C ++ for various data items used by a programmer in his program. For example, if a programmer wants to store a value 50 in a memory location, he/she choose any symbolic name (say MARKS) and use it as given below:
  • MARKS = 50
  • The symbol is an assignment operator.
  • The significance of the above statement is that β€˜MARKS’ is a symbolic name for a memory location where the value 50 is being stored.
  • A symbolic name is generally known as an identifier. The identifier is a sequence of characters taken from C ++ character set.

The rules for the formation of an identifier are:

  • An identifier can consist of alphabets, digits and/or underscores.
  • It must not start with a digit.
  • C ++ is case sensitive, i.e.. , upper case and lower-case letters are considered different form each other. It may be noted that TOTAL and total are two different identifier names.
  • It should not be a reserved word.