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Organization of Library Material: Introduction, Books and Periodicals

Introduction

A library is not just a place, or a building filled with books and other reading material. It is also a place where information sources are organized so that users can find the information that they need. When information sources are organized carefully and access to textual and non-textual material in paper-based and digital collections is easy, maximum utilization by users can be ensured.

Books

A book is defined as a written or printed literary work, which is separately published and has an independent physical existence, with pages fastened along one side and encased between protective covers. In many libraries, books are referred to as monographs.

Illustration: Books
  • The Oxford dictionary defines a book as ‘a written or printed work consisting of pages glued or sewn together along one side and bound in covers’ . A book thus is a document that normally deals with one particular subject having continuous thought content. Most books have a protective cover. Books are reasonably inexpensive and convenient to store, transport and find knowledge and information. The book thus ranks as one of humanity՚s greatest inventions.
  • A book can be simple or composite, single-volume or multiple-volume, a general book, a textbook or a reference book. Besides this, books can be fiction or non-fiction books.
  • Example: The Digital Scholar by M. Weller, Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson

Periodicals

  • A periodical is a publication with a distinctive title which appears at stated or regular intervals, without prior decision as to when the last issue shall appear. It contains articles, editorials, features, columns, stories or other writings by several contributors. Periodicals are important sources for current information on any subject.
  • UNESCO has defined a periodical as “a publication that constitutes one issue in a continuous series under the same title, published at regular or irregular intervals, over an indefinite period, individual issues in the series being numbered consecutively or each issue being dated.” Periodicals are also referred to as serials or journals. Besides these, magazines are the most typical type of periodicals.
  • This library material, upon being received in the library, is displayed prominently to the readers and is replaced by the subsequent new issues.
  • Magazines are also like periodicals with each issue starting at page one, but they are not academic or professional publications. These are not peer-reviewed.
  • Examples: Annals of Library and Information Studies; Human Resources Journal; The Journal of Anthropological Research, Science

Newspapers

  • A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news of current events, informative articles, diverse features, editorials, and advertisements. It is usually printed on relatively inexpensive, low-grade papers known as the newsprint. It is a publication issued periodically, usually daily or weekly containing most recent news. Newspapers, thus, provide an excellent means of keeping oneself well-informed on current events. They also play a vital role in shaping of the public opinion.
  • Newspapers contain the world, national, state and local news. They carry editorials, opinion columns, featured articles and entertainment items. Very often, the news items or the stories are also supported by illustrations and photographs. A lot of newspapers bring out glossy and colored supplements too in order to attract more readers.
  • Example: The Times of India, The Hindustan Times
  • Some newspapers have only web-based editions.

Non-Print Material

  • Non-print material can be defined as any material available in form other than printed material. These are rapidly becoming important information and learning resource materials for the modern libraries. Non-print materials differ from printed materials in several ways. One of the chief differences is that a machine must serve as a mediator between the information and the user of non-print material.
  • The non-print materials are available in two categories, namely, the audiovisual materials and the electronic materials.